Mean Average Relative Difference (MARD) in the context of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM)

Mean average relative difference (MARD) is a measure of the accuracy of a CGM versus a reference instrument, be it a clinical blood analyser or a self monitoring blood glucose meter (SMBG). MARD is calculated as the average of the absolute relative differences between the CGM value and the reference value, (for example SMBG) values, expressed as a percentage, inline with the equation below.

MARD = (1/n) * ∑ |(CGM – SMBG)/SMBG| * 100%

Where:

CGM is the CGM value
SMBG is the SMBG value
∑ is the sum
n is the number of observations

MARD can be used to compare the accuracy of the CGM system versus SMBG. A lower MARD value indicates a more accurate correlation between the CGM and SMBG.

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